Just to give some supportive insight, on notebookcheck site it's possible to compare the i7-9750H with the i9-9880H, and on average the benchmarks report a difference in performance of only 5%.
EXTERNAL I7 PROCESSOR FOR MACBOOK PRO FULL
I would argue that at the current state the performance gain would be about 5-7% at most on average, even under full load (i.e. As I said at the beginning, it is possible to reach a huge number of active processes (150-200+), but this is quite an extreme case. Going from 4 to 6 cores is a less impactful shift, and even less so in the 6 to 8 case. Coming from 2 to 4 cores has some major benefits since it is fairly common to have 40-60 active background processes. The point of having more cores dramatically reduces the need of context switching (= switching between processes to fairly expose computational resources), which ultimately cause quite a big overhead.
EXTERNAL I7 PROCESSOR FOR MACBOOK PRO PC
Modern PC architectures execute context switches between running programs in a way that can basically even run tens of applications without actually having the possibility for the user to notice it. Now, A single threaded application can only run in a sequential way. Single threaded applications commonly execute only one process, hence in order to create 50 processes we need 50 common applications, where a reasonable exception are video editing tools, which are largely multithread.
Most of applications out there are heavily single threaded, so they cannot harness the multicore architecture to its full extent. Even launching something like 50 processes won't fully use the additional juice because of limited parallelism. Unfortunately, a performance increased by 25% is a pure theoretical margin, as you pointed out.
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